• Assess the capacity for integrating residential and SME/SMI solar power into the LV grid.
• Define technical connection criteria in line with international best practices (IEC, IEEE, IRENA).
• Prevent technical risks related to harmonics, power surges, and islanding.
• Establish standards that facilitate the rapid and secure development of grid-connected photovoltaics.

The study was based on:

• A detailed analysis of the urban network to identify technical constraints and integration margins.
• Modeling of solar self-production scenarios for different sizes of installations (households, SMEs, SMIs).
• Comparison with the network codes of the European Union and the Eastern Africa Power Pool in order to adapt realistic specifications for Djibouti.

• Adoption of a categorization by facility size to harmonize connection rules.
• Definition of voltage and frequency ranges adapted to the Djiboutian grid, ensuring stability even in the event of disturbances.
• Introduction of requirements for reactive power supply, lightning protection, and automatic reconnection mechanisms, which are essential for system security.
• Recommendation of a smart metering framework to measure and value the energy injected by self-producers.

Implementing these recommendations will enable Djibouti to:

• Rapidly increase the penetration of residential and SME/SMI solar energy.
• Reduce dependence on imported fossil fuels.
• Improve grid reliability while reducing technical losses.
• Raise awareness among subscribers of the economic and environmental benefits of self-generation.

This study marks a key step in Djibouti’s energy transition. By establishing clear and appropriate rules for solar photovoltaics, EDD is laying the foundations for a sustainable model in which citizens and businesses become active participants in energy production.